The study, titled Fortifying Anti-Corruption in Today's Corporation, also revealed that despite differing views about disclosure, the vast majority of those surveyed (93 percent) believe that an internal investigation should be conducted if a significant incident of corruption were uncovered, and 75 percent support zero tolerance anti-corruption policies with strong disciplinary measures, including firing those responsible for corrupt acts.
"Despite recent events showing that an aggressive response to corruption allegations, including voluntary disclosure to government authorities, can mitigate both financial penalties and the negative impact on their companies' reputations, nearly half of executives surveyed would rather not disclose significant corruption incidents outside their organizations," said Ed Rial, leader of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Consulting practice at Deloitte. "While they are serious about dealing with corruption, many companies still foster a culture that views these incidents as a private matter, so they continue to balk at airing 'dirty laundry' in public. In today's connected, global business world, keeping these matters private is almost impossible to do and may exacerbate problems in the long run."
The study also revealed the increasing role of internal audit in anti-corruption compliance. When asked to select up to three sources that would likely lead to changes in the respondents' organizations, advice from internal auditors was identified by 57 percent of respondents as most likely to lead to changes in an anti-corruption program, while compliance and internal audits were selected by 80 percent of respondents as one of the best ways to measure a program's effectiveness. In addition, 47 percent of those surveyed said that integrating an anti-corruption program into their internal audit system would make detection and prevention of corruption easier, with an additional 33 percent indicating that it is already integrated.
"Many of the corruption cases result from an absence or breakdown of anti-corruption controls, allowing instances of fraud and bribery to metastasize out of control. The increasingly sophisticated nature of corrupt practices requires, as part of a company's overall anti-corruption program, proactive transaction testing of higher risk business operations by personnel trained to spot potentially corrupt activity," said Rial.
Other findings from the study include:
Geographic and industry risks are reportedly being addressed by many. While two-thirds of respondents (67 percent) report that their companies adequately address corruption risks in the geographic regions where they do business and 72 percent say their companies' risks are adequately addressed for their industries, 32 percent would prefer that their organizations spend more on anti-corruption programs. Key point: Corporations have made strides in anti-corruption, but more can be done to address corruption risk
Fitting in and gaining business are top motivators for bribery by executives. When asked about the top motivators for an executive to pay bribes in their industry, fitting in with local business cultures (33 percent) and gaining more business (40 percent) garnered the most responses. Key Point: It's human nature to be tempted to adjust ones moral compass to the situation.
Anti-corruption programs aren't consistently used around the world. Some companies still lack anti-corruption programs, despite the inherent risks. Geographically, 18.2 percent of Middle Eastern and African, 15.8 percent of Eastern European, 9.1 percent of Asia-Pacific, 8 percent of emerging market and 7.7 percent of U.S. business leaders surveyed reported having no anti-corruption program in place. Key point: Multinational companies considering new cross-border partnerships or transactions should include anti-corruption program reviews as part of overall due diligence.
Tone at the top should set anti-corruption policy. While senior management (39 percent), general counsel (24 percent) and compliance officers (21 percent) were the first groups identified from which executives would seek advice in handling a corruption incident, 61 percent of respondents said that the most effective role for the CEO is to send out a strong signal and remain personally involved in anti-corruption efforts. Key point: Executives expect committed leadership on this issue from the CEO.
"These findings should be a wake-up call in challenging economic times where, historically, it has been easier for corruption to take root," said Rial. "Layoffs and downsizing can cause a reduction in business practices oversight and increased pressure to win work in a contracting marketplace. In countries where bribes, blackmail and embezzlement can lead to business wins, corruption risk only increases in a down market."
